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Tag Archives: Y Combinator

The Price of Anything

Priceonomics - The Price Guide for Everything

Michael Flaxman is the CEO & co-founder at Priceonomics, a Y Combinator alum. His goal is to find tell consumers what prices they should look for when they want to buy whatever it is they want to buy. I mean, there are hundreds of things you can research through their website. We got to talk about how it works, the YC experience, chair arbitrage, and what comes next. For more from Michael and the guys at Priceonomics, check out their blog. Their blog has some great articles; I link to two specifically below.

What’s your pitch for Priceonomics ?

We are the price guide for everything. You know how you can figure out what your car is worth on Kelley Bluebook? We can do that and we do it better than them. But it’s not just cars. We’ll also tell you what it costs for bikes, boats, sunglasses, RVs, and planes. Basically anything you sell on eBay or Craigslist or in the real world, we know what it’s worth.

So how does it work?

We price everything algorithmically. There’s no human interaction involved in any specific price guide. The site works by crawling the web. We index all the transactions we see online. We’ve done it for hundreds of millions of them. We’ll take unstructured text from them and determine what it means. A transaction we might find would be an iPhone 4S for $400. From that, we’ll figure out it’s the iPhone made by Apple and it’s the 4S model. We know the price, location, and date. We aggregate that with all our other information, and then we can see a nice bell curve of all Apple iPhone 4S’s. We’ll see what the average price is and how that’s trending over time. That’s always been the core of what we do. What we’re starting to do more of is showing people “Oh hey, would you like to see the iPhone 4S coming up for sale in your area?” Maybe it’s something you want to buy. We can do that for any other product too.

As mentioned, you’re a Y Combinator graduate (YC W12). Their application process is famous. How was your experience getting in?

It’s exactly as advertised. There aren’t any special secrets or advice you’ll hear from me that you can’t find anywhere else. First, there’s the application that you just find online. It’s really long, but it’s quite helpful. It forces you to think through your business. The closest thing we have to a business plan is our YC app. We never made a PowerPoint or wrote a full plan, did market sizing, or anything like that. That app asks you really hard questions. I recommend that people go through it whether or not they’re applying. They’ll be better off for the experience. Anyway, we got past that and we were super excited. We got down to Mountain View for our interview. It was only ten minutes long, so that’s stressful. And, there are now so many people interviewing that you don’t interview with all the partners anymore. We were the first batch that met with a subset. We just interviewed with three partners that I think were randomly assigned.  That was it. We got in and we met the rest of the partners on day one.

On your blog, you put together an awesome post talking about your fund raising experience and I urge readers to visit it. In it, you were labeled “The Closer,” so first off, congrats on that. You closed the post by thanking YC for everything they did. What was your time there like?

Something that’s not totally clear on the outside is how hard those guys work. There are a lot of partners at YC and they all work really hard. They’d literally watch our presentation, film it, and send it back with comments saying you did this right, don’t do this, and change that. One of the things that surprised me most, even though it’s not directly related to funding, was about a new blog post we put out. We didn’t publicize it or anything yet. Ten minutes after it was live, Paul Graham sent out an email pointing out some typo six paragraphs in that was really minor. He’s just really on it. They all are. That just shows how hard they work all the time, for all the companies. At the end, they’re introducing you to investors, helping you on the pitch, but during YC is where the real value is. You say to them “I got this idea, I want to build this.” They’ll say “Show it to me,” then say “That’s the coolest thing ever!” or “That’s not such a good idea, don’t waste your time on it.” They’re really honest but in a helpful way. The direction of where to take the product, what to do about fundraising, I mean, that can take forever and we took almost no time. They did all the legal stuff too.

We mostly got to focus on building a product, and didn’t have to think fundraising until the very end. We also got this just instant credibility. For most companies, from day one, it’s all about money. You’re just an idea and in a super scary place. In YC, you have a little money from them, and you’re not immediately concerned about having to pay the server bills with your credit card. And I can’t stress enough this credibility. You go to talk to an investor at Demo Day, and you’re all of a sudden this legitimate thing. That means we get to spend all of YC building something cool.

On your About.Me page, you’re a self proclaimed “Econ Dork turned Silicon Valley Entrepreneur.” How did you get into startups and entrepreneurship?

I’ve always had a passing interest in entrepreneurship. I took a bunch of courses during college and it was my first job when I was twelve. I always had that interest, but got a management consulting gig out of college. It was very corporate and wasn’t exactly exciting. I didn’t love my job and just came out to California to build a startup. I was the first employee at Thumbtack.com, the marketplace for local services. I wasn’t really making rational decisions at the time. I didn’t want a corporate job and I was really excited about this company. I took this completely blind leap of faith and had no idea what I’d get into. I totally loved it. I found myself working all the time and not because I was forced. I loved this uncertainty and risk. It was great to just try something out. If it didn’t work, it didn’t matter. You just tried something else out. About three years after that, my co-founder Rohin and I came up with Priceonomics and thought “Let’s go for it.” At the very beginning, we approached Omar and he was into it too, so we launched.

In one post, Rohin talks about arbitraging the price of chairs and turning a small profit on it. While you’ve said that’s not a business model you want to pursue, what is the long term goal?

We found out the chairs were heavy and bulky, and people were flaky. There was a lot of nitty gritty work involved. We made a decent amount of money in a short period of time, so I don’t want to turn my nose up at that. But it wasn’t for us. We’re still figuring out what’s best.

People come to us usually when they want to buy, and sometimes to sell. When they’re looking up prices, it’s usually because they’re about to purchase something. That’s the best user to have, someone with the intent who’s ready to go. In terms of what model’s best for that, we’re not sure yet. We could show users all the products at the underlying sites, like at Craigslist, help them buy it, and collect some affiliate fee. We could offer to connect them with each other. If someone wants to buy and someone else wants to sell, we can connect them, like eBay does. It could be a lead generation thing. If someone wants to buy a car, we can go to a dealership in the area and say “Here’s an active customer.” We could do a data thing. We have really, really great data. We actually just released a Priceonomics API and we’re excited to see what people do with it. It’s early for us though, that’s what the next year for us is about.

Right now you’re hiring some developers and engineers. Hiring is a crucial task for startups, to the point that Fred Wilson is doing a series for MBA Monday about it right now. What’s your philosophy on hiring?

Get the smartest people we possibly can. Engineers are really unique and they replace the roles of so many other people. It used to be you’d hire someone to do the ad buying. Now you hire an engineer to build a system that buys ads on Google using stats and with no human involvement. That’s a small example. Engineers just wear so many hats. Whether it’s some system for email marketing, something to crawl the web, or figure out prices, or send alerts. Engineers are the core. We’re all about really smart and talented engineers. We think we have a cool problem to solve. They like when we tell them we’ve got hundreds of millions of data points and all kinds of scaling issues. Plus, the front end is cool. We need to figure out how to convey our message in a useful and easy way too.

What or who influences you the most?

I mean, Paul Graham is really inspirational, very helpful and accurate. Steve Jobs is amazing for me. No one would have been able to predict how successful Apple would be. He just saw an opportunity and went after it. I’m not these guys obviously, but their approaches are powerful.

What’s your favorite startup that’s not you?

I think Thumbtack is great. It’s a marketplace for local services run by about twenty people in San Francisco. It can help you find anything you need from a plumber to a babysitter, gardener, or handyman. It’s growing super fast. I’m obviously biased because I worked there for three years.

Outside of that, I think Uber is really cool. I’m also a fan of Twilio. I think anything that makes the lives of others easier is really great.

Tagstand and the NFC Revolution

Omar Seyal is a co-founder at Egomotion, Corp., which owns and runs Near Field Communication (NFC) business Tagstand. Tagstand, a Y-Combinator backed startup, wants to be at the forefront of this technology, both from a B2B and B2C perspective. Omar’s got over five years experience at tech startups and over ten as a software developer. Personally, I really believe NFC and the whole concept of touch-and-go experiences are the direction things are going (imagine only needing to carry your phone instead of credit cards and IDs, that’s what it can do). Omar was gracious enough to talk with me about the industry, what Tagstand’s doing, and where things are going. You can follow Omar on Twitter at @omarseyal, while his home base online is http://omarseyal.me/.

So, for those who don’t know, can you start off by explain what NFC is and does?

Effectively, NFC is the intersection of offline and online experiences. You can just touch things, and that makes something else happen. You can call it a bunch of things: tap-to-X, NFC, micro location identification. But the reality is you can turn a small gesture, a tap at a specific place, into anything. Anything can be posting to Facebook, recording an email, making a payment. It could be the acquisition of a coupon. It could be two phones exchanging information. It’s just the capacity to take a very specific action, a tap to a very specific place, and react to it computational and programmatically.

Great, so that’s the background. Can you talk about what Tagstand is doing in this space?

Basically, the analogy we make, and it’s a big one, is in the early days of PC’s, a bunch of people were just way into it and a bunch of other people thought it was dumb. You could see it had this huge revolutionary capacity. It added computing power to everyday tasks. And so, people formed little companies that got in touch with the hobbyists, then they kept growing and growing until some of them took off. We feel that way about sensors, like RFID and NFC, and specifically NFC because there’s a standard around it. Just over a year ago, we could see there was a small community forming. People really wanted to use the technology and it made its way to early adopter phones. We also saw a need. The hobbyists didn’t have a place to get passive tags. They didn’t have anyone building libraries for them, being their advocate. It was entirely B2B. And if you think about it, most great technologies don’t take off if they’re just B2B. So we tried to fill the gap and play with the hobbyists, and that’s how we started Tagstand. If you notice, our site looks like it’s for hobbyists, and it is.

So we sold tags, and we started getting leads on what people wanted beyond tags. They wanted a way to take tags and change content, without actually reprogramming them. So we created Tagstand Manager. We started getting leads from larger companies, like Nokia saying they’d love to use that in their advertising deployment. So we kept playing and paying attention and joined forces with this guy Josh Krohn. He wrote NFC Tasklauncher. We noticed he was on the same path, not doing it full time, but he was making NFC more useful. In his case, he was writing an app for the phone that extended the capabilities of NFC beyond just the standard. The standard says you can open a website or a block of text when a phone taps a tag. Josh made it so you can execute really complex macros using applications. Join a phone to a wifi network, or Bluetooth network, or both just by tapping to one tag. You could change the background of a phone, install two applications. So anyway, we got him to join the team and got the application on board. That’s kind of of what we did with phones and tags. We just view it as working with hobbyists to make NFC more and more useful.

On the flipside, NFC has tons of applications without phones. If the first is B2C, with phones as the primary consumer tool, there’s also a chance to build infrastructure for people starting companies using hardware. So that’s kind of of where this whole events thing started. It would be really cool to make hardware that’s programmable or usable like software. So we made these little readers and little tags, so that the interactions between them are configurable using software. So if we go to an event, and say we have ten thousand tags and twenty readers, you can just program what information is bound to each tab and what it will trigger. So it makes for a very flexible platform, and it’s growing in flexibility, usability, and customizability. You can use the same platform, of readers and tags, or bracelets, or cards, for loyalty, or any number of product ideas. That’s the road we’ve gone down.

That leads me to my next question. I actually discovered Tagstand through a Tech Crunch article where you NFC-enabled the New York Public Library’s opening gala. How did that experience go?

That was fun. I don’t think I’ve ever done an event that was that fun, or worked one at least. It wasn’t just fun, it was incredibly insightful. The numbers that we got out of that event were shocking, for a first time big scale affair. We had never done anything at that scale. With very low promotion, 30% of the guests used the bracelet and actively tapped. On average, that person tapped eight times. Of those eight times, 20% of those taps translated into Facebook posts, likes, or tweets. That’s a remarkable number. A third of the attendees basically tweeted about the event. If you think of the broadcasting platform that creates, it’s quite good. We were really encouraged. From a technical standpoint, we were also really encouraged. We only had one failure at the event, but it was eighty readers and due to a quick WiFi issue. We just set up a quick 4G hotspot and solved it.

We’re still at the stage where we need to be very attentive to our own hardware and applications, and in some ways we consult for ourselves. It’s very encouraging to see that we’re only a couple feet short of a turnkey solution, where someone buys hardware from us, configures it through web services, and anyone can use it. Then we just take a fee.

One concerning thing about NFC technology is the lack of consumer adoption. It’s frequently touted as the next big thing, but it’s not in everyone’s hands or they don’t know about it. What’s standing in the way of widespread adoption?

So, it’s funny because people say that and they mean it’s not on all phones. I guess that’s why we go after the second route, around events. Most of the adoption issues are B2C, because they’re dependent on phones. The main barrier is effectively time. I would challenge you to think of one major feature that’s reached one or two flagship smartphones and has failed to reach all smartphones within x-years. NFC has made its way to a flagship smartphone, you would expect over time it would reach all smartphones. The barrier is just time.

From a B2B adoption standpoint, it’s pretty much been adopted. They just haven’t adopted it so it’s integrated with consumer experience. We see hotels using NFC cards, we’re seeing NFC and RFID chips in credit cards, when we drive and people use FastTrack or EZ Pass, that’s RFID. We see it adopted by businesses, so there’s nothing to be concerned about. The consumer is just waiting, but there’s an inevitability that it’s happening.

Through Tagstand’s short history, what’s the biggest thing you’ve learned so far?

I guess, when the three of us got in here, we tried to think of cool revolutionary things to do with NFC. The reality is the whole tap-to-X experience is revolutionary in and of itself. You can do very mundane things, but if you make it happen with a simple tag it makes it a bit revolutionary. We did a lobster roll event a little while ago, and instead of filling out a card, they just tapped a station sitting outside of the food stand after eating. The customer engagement was 3x greater. Often, it lowers the barriers to act greatly. It’s that people can do it so much easier and it makes the experience easier as a whole.

What’s up next for Tagstand?

Focusing on the web services that underlie the events platform, that’s a big deal. Making NFC Tasklauncher more feature rich, so people can do even more creative things by just tapping their phones to a passive tag. We’re focusing on those two, but we’re going down the road open minded. As we see people doing cool things with NFC, we’re happy to branch out and look into new projects.

Who’s had the most influence on you from a professional standpoint?

PG. Paul Graham. I know, it’s the easy answer. When we first sat down with him and talked about Tagstand, he was pretty excited. We kept complaining about the NFC environment’s infrastructure, world, and community. He told us we were looking at it wrong. We needed to be the ones to bring the NFC revolution to the world. That’s what Microsoft did. They knew there would be a computer on every desk and they wanted their software running on that computer. That’s how we look at it. There’s going to be a lot of ways for you to use NFC to connect the world to your apps and devices through which you live.  We want those apps to interact easily with NFC passive tags or devices. I think that was a very clarifying moment for us. We looked at the NFC community and realized we’re not just a part of it, we’re advocates of it, and we’re going to make it work. It’s empowering and it gives you a very specific vision at the company.

Alright, last question. What’s the coolest startup that you know besides Tagstand?

I like Askolo. It’s like some combination of a fireside chat and Quora. I can’t explain it better than that. It’s cool because people answer questions about themselves in a Quora type environment. You end up with a wiki about a person which I think is pretty useful. It’s almost Facebook to me, in terms of getting to know something about someone.

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